







The construction industry plays a considerable role in global energy consumption and energy-related carbon emissions, attributed to the manufacture of building materials and products. The current, linear ‘take-make-dispose’ model of resource consumption has led to environmental degradation and resource depletion.

Hydropower is a cornerstone of sustainable energy solutions. It promotes environmental responsibility, economic stability, and energy reliability as the world continues to shift towards a sustainable and environmentally responsible future.

The paper investigates joining the existing prestressed Umhlatuzana River bridge deck to a new deck monolithically. The new deck will shorten at a higher rate when compared to the existing deck.